Lack of ability to inhibit eating
is named as disinhibition of eating control or disinhibited eating.
Disinhibited eating occurs when an individual is unable to control intake and
overeats in response to internal (e.g., emotional stressors) or external (e.g.,
presence of palatable foods) cues despite his or her intentions not to do so.
Eating in response to environmental triggers also
existing in disinhibited eating.
However, disinhibited eating also
includes social or emotional eating.
Disinhibition
has been repositioned as a psychobiological tendency towards
‘opportunistic eating’. More recently, a high
restrained/high disinhibited subtype has
been identified as a more reliable risk factor
for food consumption after negative affect than restrained eating alone.
Attitude is an important concept
in disinhibited eating field. Attitudes affect opinion of an individual
positively or negatively about a certain food. İmplicit attitudes and explicit
attitudes are two broad categories of attitudes. Implicit attitudes tend to be
automatic in nature, such that individuals are often not consciously aware of
them and are hypothesized to form due to associative reasoning. Explicit
attitudes are more deliberative in nature and are typically within conscious
awareness; they are believed to form through logical processes. This grouping
of attitudes is a hallmark of the dualprocess model.
According to the dual-process
model, not only one attitude direct eating behaviour at all situations. Both of
them regard towards a food. However, dominant of them direct food choice. For
example, someone could have a positive implicit attitude towards chocolate
(driven by associations to its immediate hedonic properties) while
simultaneously reporting, through explicit attitudes, a lesser liking towards
chocolate (driven by associations to its unhealthy attributes). Implicit and
explicit attitudes towards food often differ and that, under varying
circumstances, one type of attitude tends to be more predictive of eating
behavior than the other. When individuals have high cognitive capacity, meaning
when there is no distraction or other stimuli to attend to, explicit attitudes
are more predictive of food choice. Conversely, when individuals have low
cognitive capacity, implicit attitudes will predict food choice. Emotional
situations (e.g. after watching an upsetting film) and low inhibitory control
(e.g, selfcontrol resources have been depleted, high levels of
impulsivity) also cause implicit
attitudes to predict food choice.
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